While some are building a base on the Moon, others are counting their cash losses

While some are building a base on the Moon, others are counting losses at the cash register.

Global Digest: who's stalling, who's firing, and who's silently overtaking.

USA: Internal transformation and external signals — from oil to neural networks

Washington, April 23, 2025 — U.S. politics is going through a vibrant period: diplomatic restraint on Ukraine, internal reforms, and pressure on tech giants form a dynamic picture of the American agenda. Withdrawal from the London talks, sanctions against Iran, and the transformation of the State Department are shaping a new face of U.S. influence in the world.

Diplomacy and distance: The U.S. is not participating in talks on Ukraine

Secretary of State Marco Rubio declined to participate in the London negotiations discussing a possible ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine. Instead, President Trump's special envoy, General Keith Kellogg, was sent. According to Reuters, the reason was Ukraine’s rejection of a key point in the U.S. proposal, which made Rubio's participation politically inadvisable.

Experts link this step to the White House’s desire to maintain leverage in negotiations by distancing itself from a potentially failed initiative, while keeping pressure tools intact.

IMF warning: U.S. tariff policy hits the global economy

According to AP, the International Monetary Fund sharply downgraded its global growth forecast to 2.8% and the U.S. forecast to 1.8%, citing the White House’s unstable tariff policy. The IMF notes that rising uncertainty and retaliatory measures by U.S. trade partners increase recession and inflation risks globally.

Notably, the negative effects are attributed to slowed equipment imports, rising raw material prices, and the rerouting of global supply chains to bypass the U.S.

Oil prices rising: sanctions and reserves

Amid new U.S. sanctions against Iran and declining domestic oil reserves, black gold prices are climbing again. According to the Daily Times, Brent reached $68.44, and WTI — $64.66. Geopolitical tensions and concerns about supply disruptions are fueling price growth. This surge is already alarming small businesses and transportation operators in the U.S., who fear a chain reaction in inflation and consumer prices.

State Department under the knife: large-scale reorganization

As part of foreign policy reforms, the Trump administration unveiled a plan to restructure the State Department. According to Reuters, the plan involves closing 132 out of 734 active offices and cutting over 700 positions. The official goal is to improve efficiency and reduce costs.

However, critics warn about risks to U.S. global presence and the weakening of the diplomatic corps, especially in developing regions.

OpenAI — commercialization under fire

Former OpenAI employees have submitted an official request to the attorneys general of California and Delaware to block the company’s transition into a fully commercial entity. AP reports that the letter claims such transformation 'poses a threat to public safety and violates the organization’s original mission.'

The appeal is signed by several AI experts, including former OpenAI research leads and prestigious award recipients. The situation highlights the tension between Silicon Valley’s market logic and the need for ethical responsibility in the neural network era.

United Kingdom: Diplomatic voids and economic failures — April in review

Peace talks without London: symbol or symptom?

The London negotiations aimed at achieving a ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine ended fruitlessly. The refusal of U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio to participate, along with the absence of foreign ministers from France and Germany, severely undermined the meeting’s diplomatic legitimacy. As noted by The Guardian, the level of representation was downgraded to technical, symbolizing the waning international weight of the UK.

Inflation and wages: stagnation deepens

According to the Office for National Statistics, wage growth in April remained at 3%, despite persistent inflationary pressures. In a situation where fuel and food prices continue to rise, this indicates a decrease in purchasing power.

Economists warn that this gap is exacerbating latent social instability, especially among public sector workers and youth.

Budget deficit: bigger than expected

According to Reuters, the UK budget deficit for the 2024/25 fiscal year reached £151.9 billion, £14.6 billion more than projected. The main reasons: increased social spending, lower tax revenues, and energy support costs.

These figures sparked sharp criticism in Parliament. Labour accused the government of economic policy failure, while cabinet representatives claimed the deficit reflects 'global economic shocks.'

Economic signal: declining business activity index

According to Morningstar, the April PMI index dropped to 48.2 — below the neutral 50 mark. This indicates a contraction in business activity and confirms signs of stagnation in industry, construction, and services.

'We are not seeing an acute recession, but a worrying slowdown in economic rhythm,' emphasized a Barclays bank analyst.

Middle East in April: sanctions, missiles

U.S. sanctions and Iran’s response

The U.S. Treasury Department announced an expansion of sanctions targeting Iran's energy sector. The new measures affect the export of petrochemical products and transportation companies linked to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. Tehran called Washington’s actions a violation of the spirit of ongoing bilateral talks and an attempt to 'destabilize the region through economic pressure.'

According to Reuters, Iranian authorities accused the U.S. of double standards and stressed that these steps will not go unanswered.

Yemen and Israel: tension without breakthrough

Armed forces in Yemen aligned with the Houthi movement announced missile launches toward Israeli territory. The Israeli military confirmed the attack, stating that the missiles were successfully intercepted by air defense systems over the southern part of the country.

Although there were no casualties, the incident is escalating regional tensions and fueling fears of new players being drawn into the Middle East conflict. According to Al Jazeera, Tel Aviv views the action as part of 'aggression inspired from abroad.’

China in April 2025: from lunar ambitions to bridges and trade wars

Bridge collapse in Beijing: fire and infrastructure questions

In the Shunyi district of northeastern Beijing, a bridge over the Chaobai River collapsed. Authorities reported that the incident was caused by a fire that damaged the structure. No injuries were recorded as the bridge was closed to traffic. An investigation is underway, reports AP.

China and Azerbaijan: strategic rapprochement

China and Azerbaijan announced the creation of a comprehensive strategic partnership. According to China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Beijing supports Azerbaijan’s proposed peace agenda and emphasized that 'sustainable development of the region is in the interest of all parties.' (EADaily)

Trade policy and China’s response

Amid discussions about reducing U.S. tariffs, Chinese President Xi Jinping stated that 'trade wars undermine the legitimate rights of all nations and harm the global economy,' according to Business Insider. His remarks were in response to U.S. President Donald Trump’s statements about lowering tariffs on Chinese goods.

Lunar base with nuclear power plant

China and Russia unveiled a plan to create an International Lunar Research Station, which will include a functioning nuclear power plant, according to Reuters. Chinese space authorities stated that the project aims to provide sustainable power for a permanent inhabited base on the Moon by 2035.

Shenzhou-20 mission ready for launch

China’s space agency announced the crew of the Shenzhou-20 mission, scheduled to launch on April 24. The team includes veteran astronaut Chen Dong, along with newcomers Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie. The six-month mission will be carried out aboard China’s space station, reports AP.

Japan in April 2025: diplomacy, quantum technologies, and challenges for industry

Ishiba’s visit: course toward regional rapprochement

Kyodo News reports that Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba will make a four-day visit to Vietnam and the Philippines starting April 27. The main goals of the trip are to strengthen bilateral relations and discuss regional security issues amid China’s growing activity in the South China Sea.

Manufacturing sector: declining activity

The manufacturing PMI in Japan fell to 48.5 in April — below the neutral mark of 50, indicating a contraction in industrial output. According to Reuters, the decline is linked to concerns over U.S. tariff policies and their impact on Japan’s export-oriented economy.

Quantum breakthrough: Fujitsu and RIKEN

Fujitsu and RIKEN announced the development of a new superconducting quantum computer with 256 qubits. This achievement places Japan among the leaders in quantum technologies and may significantly impact the future of cryptography, materials modeling, and AI. Reported by Japan Forward.

Electric vehicles: Japan’s response to China’s challenge

At the Shanghai Auto Show, according to Kyodo News, Japanese automakers including Toyota, Nissan, and Honda unveiled new electric vehicle models. This is an attempt to regain competitiveness in the Chinese market, which is dominated by local brands. Japanese companies are focusing on reliability, driving range, and eco-friendly solutions.

Netherlands in April 2025: cyber threats, data ethics, and new allies in medicine

Russia’s hybrid attacks: alarming signal from intelligence

The Dutch military intelligence service (MIVD) reported an increase in hybrid attacks from Russia. According to Reuters, cyber espionage, sabotage of critical infrastructure, and interference in public services are now part of a comprehensive destabilization strategy. Key targets include energy, logistics, and digital governance channels.

New oncology partnership: science without borders

Dutch biotech company Tessellate Bio has signed an agreement with Germany’s Boehringer Ingelheim to jointly develop oral medications for hard-to-treat cancers. According to TradingView, the therapy is the first of its kind targeting specific mutations.

Apple and Meta fined for digital law violations

On April 23, the European Commission imposed record fines on Apple (€500 million) and Meta (€200 million) for violating the Digital Markets Act (DMA). According to AP News, Apple restricted developers from informing users about better deals outside the App Store, while Meta applied a 'pay or consent' model, forcing users to either pay or share data for targeted advertising. Both companies are required to fix the violations within 60 days.

Public opinion on Israel: mounting criticism

According to NL Times, support for the Netherlands’ policy on Israel continues to decline. As of April, 59% of respondents disapprove of the current government stance. Notably, 27% completely disagree with The Hague’s diplomatic approach — up from 19% in September last year. This points to a growing demand for a more independent and balanced foreign policy.

Germany in April 2025: intelligence shadows and critical dependency on China

GRU suspicions: sabotage in air cargo

According to Tagesschau, German investigative authorities suspect the Russian military intelligence (GRU) of involvement in a series of arson attacks on air cargo facilities. Investigations were launched following incidents at logistics platforms linked to DHL and other operators. Searches were conducted in several federal states.

According to Süddeutsche Zeitung, so-called 'disposable agents' were used — individuals tasked with carrying out specific acts of sabotage who then disappear or are eliminated without a trace.

Rare earths: critical dependence on China

Germany’s Federal Statistical Office reported that in 2024, the country imported 3,400 tons of rare earth elements, 65.5% of which came from China. This highlights Germany’s strategic vulnerability in a key high-tech sector, writes Zeit.

Experts warn that such dependence could be exploited as a tool of geoeconomic pressure, especially amid growing tensions between the EU and China.

France in April 2025: economic slowdown and a potential diplomatic shift

Economic signal: decline in the PMI index

France’s Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) dropped to 47.3 in April, down from 48.3 in March. A figure below 50 indicates a contraction in private sector activity and may signal the onset of economic stagnation. The industrial production and construction sectors were hit the hardest.

Economists note that high interest rates, weak domestic demand, and external market uncertainty contributed to the downturn. This slump increases pressure on the government ahead of the summer budget session.

Recognition of Palestine: France may change its position

For the first time in decades, France is close to officially recognizing the State of Palestine. According to Le Monde, President Emmanuel Macron is considering this move during the June UN conference, where he will co-chair with the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia.

Domestically, this step could be seen as a response to growing pressure from leftist forces and human rights organizations. Internationally, it would enhance France’s role as a mediator and could redefine its relations with Israel, the U.S., and the Arab world.

Spain in April 2025: economic growth, defense investments, and solar energy records

Economic growth: Spain stands out in the EU

The Diplomatin Spain in Spain reports that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has raised its GDP growth forecast for Spain to 2.5% for 2025, making it one of the few large EU economies with positive momentum. This growth is driven by a recovery in domestic demand, active use of EU funds, and resilience to external trade shocks.

Increase in defense spending: meeting NATO targets

Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez announced an additional €10.5 billion in funding to meet NATO’s 2% of GDP defense spending goal by 2025 — four years ahead of schedule. The funds will go toward military modernization, cybersecurity, and raising military salaries. This decision sparked internal coalition debates, but the government insists it is necessary for national security. Reported by EL PAIS.

Record levels of solar energy

Spain continues to lead Europe in solar energy development. According to Red Eléctrica, solar photovoltaic capacity now accounts for nearly 25% of the country’s installed power, surpassing wind energy. In 2024, solar energy supplied 17% of total electricity production, and it’s expected to exceed 25% during the summer months of 2025. Reported by Reuters.

Western Balkans: protests, helicopters, and demining dogs — a regional snapshot at April’s turn

Belgrade, Sarajevo, Moscow — the Western Balkans have once again captured the attention of international observers. Student protests, diplomatic tensions, and enhanced U.S. military cooperation with Bosnia and Herzegovina form a chain of events reflecting the region’s struggle for identity and independence amid external pressure and internal tension.

Students against amnesia: Belgrade stands in memory of 1999

Nova reports that student protests in Belgrade continue in response to the announcement by Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) that 'for the first time in 25 years, RTS will not broadcast the anniversary of the 1999 bombing of the TV center live due to the student blockade.' Students organized a memorial event, calling to 'never forget and respect — regardless of when we were born.'

The protests also drew support from German pianist Davide Martello, known for his musical solidarity actions around the world. His performance near the RTS building became a symbol of support, but he was later expelled by Serbian authorities. The artist called the deportation a violation of freedom of expression and a political act of pressure, according to Balkan Insight.

The protests also triggered political tensions within the academic community. Belgrade University Rector Vladan Đokić sent an open letter to Prime Minister Đura Maca, refusing to meet him due to being summoned by the prosecution in a discrimination case. The response came swiftly — Nova reports again: ruling party MP Vladimir Đukanović publicly called for criminal prosecution of the rector.

Bosnia: alliance with the U.S. and memories of war

Amid growing pressure from Russia, the U.S. is renewing military cooperation with Bosnia and Herzegovina. Six Agusta A119 multipurpose helicopters will be delivered soon as part of a strategy to strengthen defense capacity and Euro-Atlantic integration. The deliveries are part of the U.S. Foreign Military Financing (FMF) program.

Meanwhile, Bosnia’s contribution to global security extends beyond military aid. Demining experts and trained dogs from Bosnia have been deployed to Ukraine to help clear landmines. Their expertise traces back to the aftermath of the Balkan wars and now saves civilian lives far beyond the region, reports RFE/RL.

Moscow–Sarajevo: a line of tension

The same RFE/RL article reports that Bosnian Serb leader Milorad Dodik has once again drawn international attention after visiting Moscow, where he met with President Vladimir Putin. Analysts describe the trip as provocative amid rising distrust toward the foreign policy of Republika Srpska. Domestically, the visit sparked division: some see it as protecting Serb interests, others as a tool of geopolitical pressure on Bosnia and Herzegovina.